Wide Sargasso Sea Essay - 3327 Words

Wide Sargasso Sea Places take on a symbolic significance in Wide Sargasso Sea. Discuss the way in which Jean Rhys uses different locations in the narrative. Place in Wide Sargasso Sea seems to be used to convey Antoinettes frame of mind at different times in her life. Wally Look Lai believes that The West Indian setting...is central to the novel...(and) the theme of rejected womanhood is utilized symbolically in order to make an artistic statement about West Indian society and about an aspect of the West Indian experience. In Part One of Wide Sargasso Sea, Coulibri and the convent in Spanish Town are presented as contrasts in that they represent danger and safety respectively. Antoinettes mother describes how she†¦show more content†¦This suggests that this is a dangerous place for them to be in, and that, like Eden, the garden is a symbol of corrupted innocence. This gives the reader a hint of what is coming. Rhys sets a tone of eerie silence in this West Indian landscape. She uses many of her senses to describe the garden, which was wonderful to see and smelt very sweet and strong. She conveys every aspect of the garden in a very powerful manner, which in turn conveys the wildness of it. This effect is heightened by the animal imagery used to describe the thin brown tentacles of the orchids. The garden can no longer be controlled: it has given itself over to wildness and savage overgrowth. This parallels with the fact that the black people can no longer be controlled by the white people. Therefore, some may interpret the garden as a symbol of the deterioration of the social hierarchy of the time. The natural surroundings are often used as symbols in this novel. The first time that she has her recurring dream, she is in the forest with someone who hated her. This forest is clearly symbolic of her isolation and the danger that she feels she is in, living in Coulibri. Antoinette seems particularly preoccupied with morbidity and decayShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Wide Sargasso Sea 1484 Words   |  6 PagesDreams in Wide Sargasso Sea Dreams: a mysterious and bewildering phenomenon. Plunging into a bizarre world of strange occurrences and unusual characters, the inexplicable mysticality of dreams demonstrates what dreams may mean and the role they play in a person’s life. In the novel, Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys intricately intertwines dreams with reality in which it becomes difficult for the reader to judge which is which. Antoinette Cosway, the main character of Wide Sargasso Sea, has a seriesRead MoreThe Postcolonial Of Wide Sargasso Sea Essay1842 Words   |  8 PagesExploring the Postcolonial Displacement in Wide Sargasso Sea The core element of postcolonial literature is on how England failed at their attempt of colonization. Scholars say that the idea of postcolonial theory comes from the inability of European theory to handle the complexities and varied cultural origins sufficiently (Ashcroft, Griffiths, Tiffin par 23). Postcolonial literary theory is the context of how Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys is written. In order for a reader to grasp a completeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Wide Sargasso Sea 772 Words   |  4 PagesWide Sargasso Sea is a novel known for its approach on the post-colonial view of the colonizer and the colonized. It connects the 1800s view of the English (Mr. Rochester) and the West Indies (Antoinette), in which it expresses the complex social standards of society. Although, this view is prevalent in the novel, another issue is clearly expressed throughout the novel, female enslavement. Women are constantly devalued in the novel, showing as not having the same importance or significance as theRead MoreWide Sargasso Sea By Jean Rhys1604 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Wide Sargasso Sea†, a novel by Jean Rhys, grants a voice to the other side of the story, the side that people believe to be madness. Generally, what the majority agrees upon is considered the truth. Hence, people who disagree or offer another opinion are instantly labeled as mad and end up secluded from society. Antoinette Mason Cosway, the protagonist of Wide Sargasso Sea, is considered a mad woman. Her absurd actions and thoughts are what leads to her demise. However, this novel casts aRead MoreWide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys731 Words   |  3 PagesUltimately, Antoinette’s and Rochester’s struggles pushes these characters to a new extreme in which it pushes Rochester to lock his wife in the attic and Antoinette to â€Å"write [her] name in fire red† (53) by the end of the novel. Throughout Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys magnifies the themes of madness and power by analyzing Rochester’s and Antoinette’s interactions with one another to ultimately teach a lesson that can be interpreted in many different ways. Their downfalls are created by the catastrophicRead MoreWide Sargasso Sea By Jhumpa Lahiri Essay1923 Words   |  8 Pagesnovel Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys and the short story â€Å"The Treatment of Bibi Haldar† by Jhumpa Lahiri, both stories manage to have many similarities. Jean Rhys and Jhumpa Lahiri write about how both characters, Antoinette and Bibi Haldar, are unaccepted by their societies. Antoinette and Bibi Haldar are misfits in their communities because they do not conform to cultural norms, their communities and peers believe they have illnesses, and both come from dysfunctional families. In Wide Sargasso SeaRead More Wide Sargasso Sea and The Color Purple Essay864 Words   |  4 Pageslearned to cope with it one way or another. Antoinette’s character in â€Å"Wide Sargasso Sea† and Celie’s character in â€Å"The Color Purple† have both experienced problems with depression, loneliness, violence, inferiority, racism, and self-identity. It is important for such characters as Antoinette and Celie to express their emotions and have a method of working out there issues. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the novel â€Å"Wide Sargasso Sea† by Jean Rhys, the character Antoinette is left mainly to her ownRead MoreEssay about Wide Sargasso Sea and Antoinette1150 Words   |  5 PagesWide Sargasso Sea and Jane Eyre intertwined In Wide Sargasso Sea, author Jean Rhys uses intertextuality to tell the story of Antoinette Mason. Intertexuality is when an author bases their book/novel off of another text. In this case, Wide Sargasso Sea is shaped from Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre and it elaborates on the character of Bertha, who is Antoinette Mason in Rhys’ novel. By reading Wide Sargasso Sea we are enlightened on things in Jane Eyre that Bronte does not tell us about or elaborateRead More Postcolonial Discourse in Wide Sargasso Sea Essay624 Words   |  3 PagesPostcolonial Discourse in Wide Sargasso Sea In Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys confronts the possibility of another side to Jane Eyre. The story of Bertha, the first Mrs Rochester, Wide Sargasso Sea is not only a brilliant deconstruction of Brontà «s legacy, but is also a damning history of colonialism in the Caribbean. The story is set just after the emancipation of the slaves, in that uneasy time when racial relations in the Caribbean were at their most strained. Antoinette (Rhys renames herRead MoreJean Rhys s Wide Sargasso Sea1226 Words   |  5 Pagesborn in 1890 on the Island of Dominica to a Welsh father and a creole (West Indian) mother experienced the difficulty of integrating into British culture due to her Caribbean origin struggling to create an identity for herself. In her novel ‘Wide Sargasso Sea’ (1996) Rhys depicts how she was deeply influenced by this creole heritage, exploring the struggle of finding ones place and identity in relations to race. She contrasts the European discourse with the creole discourse, focusing on cultural

Classification of Restaurant Customers Essay - 772 Words

Restaurant Customers At some point in your life you will earn the responsibilities of server. A majority of you will spend your time serving customers in a restaurant setting, where you may be more commonly known as a waiter or waitress. Your customers belong to a special group of customers that can be broken down into five different types. These different types of customers each require an appropriate kind of service. The better you are at delivering the appropriate services the better server you will become and the more job satisfaction and tips you will receive. This is why it is important for you to know how to recognize what type of customer you are serving. The first type of restaurant customers you should get to know is†¦show more content†¦They will tell you the food is cold or it doesnt taste right, the table is too big or too small, the silverware is dirty and maybe its just a water spot, or the air conditioner is set too low, and any other complaint that they think is relevant. They are usually rude and cannot be pleased. You may notice that these persnickety customers tend to be older women. It is nearly impossible to please these people so dont take it personally. And even though youre praying that they leave soon, try just to smile, promptly get what they ask for and remember to always be polite. A further type of restaurant customers is the celebrators. These customers will usually be dining out for a special occasion. It could be a birthday, an anniversary, a victory or anything else they want to celebrate. These people are always in a great mood and especially easy to please. You should quickly find out what they are celebrating and act accordingly. Typically, restaurants will give a dessert for birthdays and anniversaries. At some restaurants, waiters and waitresses sing to the person with a birthday. This is a great way to increase your tip for this table. Be sure to make these customers feel special in whatever way you can. They will surely appreciate it and reward you appropriately. The final type of restaurant customer is the typical family. This is a group of usually two to six people, including both adults and children. Try to compliment theShow MoreRelatedService Management Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesthe service process matrix. Describe a service using the four dimensions of the service package. Discuss the managerial implications of the distinctive characteristics of a service operation. Discuss the insights obtained from a strategic classification of services. Discuss the role of a service manager from an open-systems view of service. An Integrated Approach to Service Management The Eight Components †¢ Product Elements †¢ Place, Cyberspace, and Time †¢ Promotion and Education Read MoreClassifications of Restaurants1312 Words   |  6 PagesRestaurant Classification Restaurants are found throughout the United States as well as other countries. Restaurants are found in many different places such as street corners in mobile businesses, buffets found in mid-sized towns and cities, as well as upscale restaurants that are most always found in larger and more populated areas. All of these places serve one purpose in common; to aide to the desired food cravings of countless people. A person might say that there are no noticeable differencesRead MoreSummary of Reacquired Franchise Rights Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesSummary of Reacquired Franchise Rights It has come to our attention that much of Roman Holiday’s recent revenue growth came from acquisition of franchise right and existing restaurants rather than real growth in the franchise. Management is aware of these issues and may be feeling some pressure to meet growth targets and earnings forecasts. In the following working papers, we address this potential issue by reviewing the various accounting treatments for the reacquired franchise rights. We alsoRead MoreService System and Assembly Line1157 Words   |  5 Pagesprocesses in the service industries are: Possible customer dissatisfaction with standardized product Need for extensive capital investment Need for high and stable volume, particularly without inventory Difficult to specify exact process sequence The customer can be involved in the process during production of the service and create unique demands or inefficiencies. Q6. Compare the expensive restaurant, fast-food restaurant, and cafeteria in terms of process characteristics suchRead MoreThe Box, Inc.1530 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Jack in the Box, Inc. opened its first restaurant in 1951. Today, it has become one of the nation’s largest hamburger chain and â€Å"based on number of restaurants, is the second largest QSR hamburger chain.† In addition to its QSR hamburger chain, Jack in the Box â€Å"acquired Qdoba Restaurant Corporation, operator and franchisor of Qdoba Mexican Grill.† 1 According to its 10-K report, Qdoba â€Å"is the second largest fast-casual Mexican brand in the United States.† 1 Jack in the Box, Inc.Read MoreDefinition Of Spatial Layout And Functionality803 Words   |  4 Pagesconsumers who were dining under dimmed lighting has higher level of comfort, than customers dining under higher levels of lighting. Further, Ryu and Hand (2011) affirmed that â€Å"customers who dine in a relaxing environment, with softer lighting, eat less, stays longer and enjoy their meal more.† Similarly, Sulek and Hensley (2004) stated â€Å"customers in fine-dining restaurants would eat more as the tranquil atmosphere would make them to stay longer and order more food and drinks.† Bitner (1992) indicatedRead MoreClassification Paragraph935 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 2 Explaining by analyzing: Classification and division Analyzing means looking closely at the parts of an object or group. To analyze a single object, such as the human body, you divide it into its parts, such as the heart, the brain, the stomach, and the liver. To analyze a group of objects or persons, you divide and classify them, cutting one group into two or more smaller groups. To analyze the American people, for instance, you could divide and classify them in political categoriesRead MoreP5 Segmentation1698 Words   |  7 PagesExplain how and why different groups of customers are targeted for selected products at McDonalds (P5). †¢ Describe segmentation †¢ Explain demographics, Geographic’s, psychographics and why companies use these methods to segment the market effectively †¢ Explain different methods used to segment markets e.g. ACORN, Mosaic †¢ Explain the different target markets of McDonalds – identify 4 product ranges and describe in detail the target market for each product †¢ Describe the differentRead MoreHotel Choice Decision Is A Holistic Concept764 Words   |  4 Pagestangible and intangible attributes, previous studies also suggest that hotel choice decision is a holistic concept that may go beyond the simple combination of these attributes. Utilizing the concept of brand personality, it was suggested that customers may link their perceived hotel attributes associated with the brand and develop a sense of loyalty and preference when making their hotel choice decision (e.g., Lee Back, 2010; Li et al., 2014). Brand personality is defined as â€Å"the set of humanRead MoreSample Resume : Chef 7 Chefs Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pageswill provide the foods such as stew pork and potato noodle, and Chinese pancake with fish head soup. Nevertheless, we will provide Chinese liquor in our restaurant. For example, we mentioned in former part. We will provide different kinds of soy-sauce-flavor, strong-flavor, and light-flavor Chinese liquor. Besides the general service in restaurant, we will have the long-term trained employees to introduce all the story and history of the dishes you ordered. For example, during what time Chinese people

Case Study on Flexibility and Work life Balance

Question: Case Study: Flexibility and work-life balance. Answer: Introduction Flexibility in work life is an important factor for the balance between the work life and personal life of a person. The concept of flexibility and the balance between the work life and personal life varies from person to person. The balance between the work life and personal life is influenced by the flexibility if the work life of a person (Higginson et al., 2014). Flexibility in work life includes various thongs. From the flexibility of duration of working hours to the number of working days, everything influences the work life balance of a person. Flexibility have been proved effective for the organisations as this help to reduce the cost for their employers and this in turn helps the employees to have ample to time to enjoy other activities. Flexibility also reduces the cost of travelling of the employees (Mowday et al., 2013). They can communicate with various other executives of their company over the conference instead of travelling down to their work place. This saves the time of the employee, as he does not have to travel to other places of the world (Ionescu, 2012). Flexibility is also beneficial for the company, as they do not have to provide their employees with travelling expenses. Flexibility at work place is required for the employees so that they do not become disillusioned, unproductive, resentful and unproductive. In this assignment, the importance of flexibility at work place will be explored. This would be done with the help of examples, which would give a clear idea about the effect of flexibility at workplace and its impact on the balance of work and personal life. Discussion Views of Juliet Bourke on the use of flexibility and its shift from original paradigm Solution Flexibility in any organisation is an important aspect for its development. Flexibility in an organisation must be something that is forced upon an individual. Flexibility provides various advantages to the organisations. This advantage helps their employees to perform better and it results in increase in productivity of the organisation. This also helps in using the resources of the company economically and thus, leads to increase in the profit margin. Most of the companies provide flexibilities to their employees, except few (Tomkos et al., 2014). This flexibility comes in terms of working hours, working days, types of jobs; i.e. part time jobs or full time jobs or leave without pay for a maximum time of twelve months. This flexibility leads to happiness among the employees and this becomes profitable for the company (Ng et al., 2012). The company allows their employees to work from home in case of emergency; they allow the employees to provide the company with the shifts they are comfortable. They allow the employees to have conference with other executives of the company. This helps the company to have more of their savings as they do not have to provide their employees with the travel expenses and food and lodging expenses (Higginson et al., 2014). This facility of flexibility is supposed to provide the work and personal life balance between both the personal and professional lives. With the development of technology, flexibility can be well accessed among the employees of any organisation (Tomkos et al., 2014). Flexibility in an organisation helps it to adapt itself to the changes within the organisations effectively. However, the companies are using their employees in the name of providing them with flexibility. According to Juliet Bourke, a partner at Aequus Partners is concerned about the negative impact of flexibility at work place. Juliet Bourke is correct in her views. This is because the organisations use their employees in the name of flexibility. The employees have to work extra hours in order to meet the production of the company. Sometimes, employees need to work overnight and they are expected to reach their office next day on time. The employees are said that they are flexible to choose their working hours and the working days (Kitchin, 2014). They choose the working hours according to their convenience. However, during their working hours, they are requested to handle important works and attended meetings, which might be beyond their working hours (Thomas et al., 2015). The employees give priority to those works and meetings and this extend their working hours beyond their scheduled time. This is the result of the effort to keep the employee turnover rate down so that the compan y can have a higher margin of profit. The employers take advantage of flexibility and they demand more work out of fewer people. Juliet Bourke is concerned whether the employees would push the flexibility in a nasty way due to the economic crisis. Sometimes, the organisations provide the jobs to their employees as a part time job or a low paid job in the name of flexibility (Kitchin, 2014). They offer the condition of flexibility to the employees when they hire them. The organisations offer their employees to pay on per hour basis and they say that the employees have the flexibility to work in the hours they are free. This offer seems to be an attractive offer for the employees and they agree to do the job. As a result, the company offers less salary than they should deserve. The company names this policy as a balance in work and personal life. However, they do not provide the appropriate salary to the person so that they could enjoy their personal life. Every organisations aim to reduce their cost and increase the margin of profit (Ionescu, 2012). This also leads to working of extra hours for the employees pr esent on the organisations. They have to do more work than that are assigned to them. This lead to tiredness and the employees could not produce the effective result for the company. Some employees, be it managers or clerks, work more than 48 hours at a stretch and they do not take holidays. It was found that around 20% of the employees work over 48 hours at a stretch and around 60% of the employees do not take holidays due to their work life (Thomas et al., 2015). Thus, according to Juliet Bourke, the work life and personal life balance is disrupted as the employees could not give the required time to their personal life and satisfy their personal needs. Thus, the use of flexibility had moved far away from its original paradigm and this is having a negative impact the work life and personal life balance of the employees at every stage. Implication of excessive working hours on the performance of employees and managers Solution Excessive working hours provide ample of time to the employees and managers to fulfil their targets and increase the productivity of the company. Most of the employees work for extra hours in order to achieve their targets and to get incentives (Gijzen et al., 2015). This increases the productivity of the company and the employees are paid extra for their work, but this have a negative effect on the employees and managers. Excessive working leads to increase in health problems. Woking extra hours after the scheduled time lead to disruption in the daily lifestyle of the person. This affects the health of the person. Excessive working hours leads to lower back injury when the job is related to lifting heavy objects manually. This also results to injuries in other parts of bodies along with muscular cramps. High blood pressure is another important effect that is caused by working for excess hours (Appelbaum, 2013). Working late night leads to deprive in sleep. This in turn increases the blood pressure of the person and leads to other complications. Health issues as if decrease in mental health is another affect of excessive working. Excessive working leads to less focus on personal life and recreational activities (Parmenter, 2015). This leads to a monotonousness in the person and mental tiredness. Increase in mental health issue leads to increase in the rate of total and lost workday. Excessive working l eads to mental fatigue and the employees or managers cannot give their best performance at their workplace. They remain lost throughout the day and this hampers the productivity of the person. Excessive working hours have heavy impact on the women. Working for long hours leads to lower birth weight or gestational age of women. This affect the child in the womb of the mother and thus, affecting the future generation. Another health issue that had been found with the excessive working hours is the increase in rate of consumption of alcohol in men. They consume alcohol in order to distress themselves and get over the mental fatigue. Consumption of alcohol results in various health issues which results in physical and emotional changes in their body. It is seen that increase in working hours results to increase in suicide rate (Pierce Aguinis, 2013). A study by Cornell University had revealed that an approximate number of 10% employees who work up to 50 to 60 hours every week have disruptions in their work life and personal life. They have higher degree of work-family conflicts. 30% of the employees and managers who work beyond 60 hours per week have higher rate of divorces a nd higher rate of suicides (Parmenter, 2015). Thus, working for excessive hours results to various health problems, which includes both physical and mental issues. Working for excess hours results to increase in risk in safety. Workers who work at hazardous places like nuclear plants are exposed to hazardous materials for a longer period thereby decreasing the safety of the worker. It also results to impaired performance of the workers and they tend to pay less attention to their work. It increases the risk of disasters as the workers turns careless on increase in workload and tiredness (Appelbaum, 2013). People who are into medical professions have the tendency to increase in errors in their professions. This leads to a dangerous situation as it involves patients who are already suffering from diseases. Increase in errors in medical facilities might result in death of the patient, which could be considered as a crime. There is also an increase in risk of accident rates if a person works more than 16 hours a day. In addition to these, excess working hours leads to fatigue. German study reveals that doctors who work more than 48 hours every week had the five times high risk of meeting an accident while driving or commuting (Kehoe Wright, 2013). In addition, working during nights or early morning increases the chance of accidents as the drivers become fatigue and they become less cautious and execute erratic driving patterns. Decrease in productivity is another important factor that shows up because of excessive working hours. Reports had suggested that the performances in white-collar jobs decrease as much as 35% when the person works beyond 60 hours every week (Mowday et al., 2013). This leads to decrease in productivity and even the process driven work suffers in there is a high rejection rate and increase in dissatisfaction among the customers. According to the research in two other studies it was seen that the hours of productivity drops by an additional 10 hours on increase in consecutive long work weeks from four to twelve. According to scientific literature it was seen that fatigue of employees, the increase in availability of time of work to complete the project results in less productivity of the employees. Increase in absenteeism is another factor that is the result of excessive working hours. This is due to poor health condition that results due to fatigue and workload. Absenteeism might sometimes result to replacement of the employees and they often work overtime which makes the problem self-perpetuating (Davenport, 2013). Morale problems also come up due to excessive overtime at work place. This can be manifested by low productivity, absenteeism, less turnover rate and issues of labour. It was seen that 31% of shift work companies who had high level of overtime had a low level of poor morale. 13% of companies who have normal overtime also resulted in poor morale (Kehoe Wright, 2013). This was reflected by increase in absenteeism and lesser of productivity. Another adverse affect of excessive working is the increase in turnover rate, which is the cause of imbalance in work life and personal life (Imran et al., 2014). This imbalance catches up some employees and they reduce their productivity. This is the cause of excessive working in order to make up the vacant positions when the demand is not met. Sometimes, the employees are not paid for working extra hours (Kitchin, 2014). This leads to frustration among the employees and managers and it affects the productivity of the company and the business in turn. Ways in which employees could facilitate their work life and personal life balance during an economic downturn Solution The work life balance is an attempt done by an individual to maintain the co-existence of work, family, career, health and other social and financial aspects. The work life balance, though aims to an individual, but the organisation where the individual is employed, plays an important role in work life balance (Robbins et al., 2013). The work force of an organisation is affected by the condition of economic downturn. The organisations enforce various policies and rules during the period of recession and economic downturn. These policies could be introduced to those employees who offer flexible timing and work environment. During the time of economic downturn, the working hours could be reduced and the employees and managers could spend more time with their families. This would refresh their mind and get over the fatigue. The employees should also keep in mind to perform their jobs at their work place as economic downturn results to decrease in number of employees from the company (Gi ddens, 2013). The company could provide their employees with relaxation in the timing at their work place, which would result in a proficient and efficient outcome from the employees and managers. The employees and mangers could get ample of time to spend with their family and they would also get to peruse their passions and interest (Gatrell et al., 2013). These recreational activities would result to refreshment among the employees and workers and they can work with a fresh mind and recover the company from their economic downturn. This would help the employees to get over of their mental fatigues and help them regain energy to perform better in their work. On another hand, the organisations choose to reduce the head count of their workforce during the time of economic downturn. This leads to increase in work pressure and working over time without any pay. This hampers the work life balance and has a negative impact on the family life. The employees and managers could prepare themselves mentally to work for extra hours and spent their free time with their families (Mowday et al., 2013). They have to perform time management so that the employees and managers could finish their work on time. The employees and managers must put on more effort to succeed in their work and finish it on time so that they can manage to have free time for their recreation. The employees and managers must also discuss their work pressure with their family members so that they can understand the situation of the employee or manager and co-operate with him during his time of crisis (Rubery Rafferty, 2013). The organisations must address this balance of work life and personal life with utmost care such that the human capital can be leveraged to the maximum level during the period of economic downturn. The organisations must also set up short term organisational policies in order to reframe their goals and achieve them with their limited recourses. The organisations must also consider the employments of their employees as a major concern during their economic downturn (Fullan, 2014). They can give an option to the employees of voluntary career change, retiring early voluntarily or non voluntarily taking up lower paid job or working overtime without any pay. This would at least help the employee not to have mental stress and it would help him overcome the difficult situation. This would in turn help the person to maintain the work life balance and he cope up with his crisis. The employee or manager could look for a second job in order to look after the family. They would also encourage that the other members of the family to take up jobs so that they could maintain their lifestyle (Mowday et al., 2013). Maintaining the healthy lifestyle would result in maintaining a better work life relationship, thereby reducing the mental stress of the employee or manager. This would also reduce the negativity of the family and it would help to increase the productivity (Ulrich, 2013). The employees must also handle their finances well during the time of crisis. The must invest their savings properly such that their family could overcome the crisis efficiently. It would help to maintain the work life balance for a person and this would also protect his family during the time of crisis. Conclusion It could be concluded that work life balance is an important part of everyones life. From the CEO, the managers, the employees and the clerks of any organisation needs to maintain the work life balance in order to have a healthy life and work efficiently. Increase in work pressure leads to disruption of the work life balance of an individual at every level of the organisation. The organisations must also frame their policies in such a way so that the employees at every level could maintain their work life balance. Excessive working hours induces stress on an individual. This hampers his health along with the performance at work place. This also imbalances the work life balances of an individual, which affects the productivity at work place. Thus, the organisations also play an important role to maintain the work life balance of an individual. The individual is also responsible to have a proper work life balance. He must ensure to finish his work on time and make time for himself and his family. The employee must also plan his finances well so that he and his family could survive through the hard times easily. References Appelbaum, E. (2013). The impact of new forms of work organization on workers. Work and Employment in the High Performance Workplace, 120. Davenport, T. H. (2013). Thinking for a living: how to get better performances and results from knowledge workers. Harvard Business Press. Fullan, M. (2014). Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Gatrell, C. J., Burnett, S. B., Cooper, C. L., Sparrow, P. (2013). WorkLife Balance and Parenthood: A Comparative Review of Definitions, Equity and Enrichment*. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(3), 300-316. Giddens, A. (2013). The third way: The renewal of social democracy. John Wiley Sons. Gijzen, M. B., Sleijpen, G. L., Zemke, J. P. M. (2015). Flexible and multi shift induced dimension reduction algorithms for solving large sparse linear systems. Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications, 22(1), 1-25. Higginson, S., Thomson, M., Bhamra, T. (2014). For the times they are a-changin: the impact of shifting energy-use practices in time and space. Local Environment, 19(5), 520-538. Imran, H., Arif, I., Cheema, S., Azeem, M. (2014). Relationship between job satisfaction, job performance, attitude towards work, and organizational commitment. Entrepreneurship and innovation management journal, 2(2), 135-144. Ionescu, T. (2012). Exploring the nature of cognitive flexibility. New ideas in psychology, 30(2), 190-200. Kehoe, R. R., Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Management, 39(2), 366-391. Kitchin, R. (2014). Big Data, new epistemologies and paradigm shifts. Big Data Society, 1(1), 2053951714528481. Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M. (2013). Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic Press. Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M. (2013). Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic Press. Ng, S., Collisson, E. A., Sokolov, A., Goldstein, T., Gonzalez-Perez, A., Lopez-Bigas, N., ... Stuart, J. M. (2012). PARADIGM-SHIFT predicts the function of mutations in multiple cancers using pathway impact analysis. Bioinformatics, 28(18), i640-i646. Parmenter, D. (2015). Key performance indicators: developing, implementing, and using winning KPIs. John Wiley Sons. Pierce, J. R., Aguinis, H. (2013). The too-much-of-a-good-thing effect in management. Journal of Management, 39(2), 313-338. Robbins, S., Judge, T. A., Millett, B., Boyle, M. (2013). Organisational behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Rubery, J., Rafferty, A. (2013). Women and recession revisited. Work, Employment Society, 27(3), 414-432. Thomas, B., Jenness, T., Economou, F., Greenfield, P., Hirst, P., Berry, D. S., ... Vela, J. S. (2015). Significant problems in FITS limit its use in modern astronomical research. arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.05958. Tomkos, I., Azodolmolky, S., Sole-Pareta, J., Careglio, D., Palkopoulou, E. (2014). A tutorial on the flexible optical networking paradigm: State of the art, trends, and research challenges. Proceedings of the IEEE, 102(9), 1317-1337.

Robert Gray Poetry Analysis Essay Example For Students

Robert Gray Poetry Analysis Essay Australias cultural identity has been lost due to arbitration and moral pollution. In Grays North Coast Town he challenges Australias adoption of materialism, being an accepted factor as we move towards making California. Gray comments on the changing appearance and nature of the town the place Is becoming chrome. The use of the word chrome suggests it as being simply a decorative finish, not worthy of holding great strength. It Is becoming more modern and alike to American building styles, as the town now is reflecting qualities which would be regarded as American. The town being an example for general Australian society, presents the idea that as we lose our cultural Identity, our sense responsibility for the natural world decreases. pass an ABA, not attempting to hitch, outside suggests the disturbing reality of Australian value. An aboriginal, being the epitome of Australian heritage, Is only mentioned in the last line, as the poem is more focused on the changing state of the appearance of the town- this Is Ironic as humans are superficial. It expresses the change of culture from its original state continuing from the motif of detachment. It leaves us thinking about the significance of the fact that the aboriginal is not attempting to hitch. It gives a sense of isolation and is a poignant detail which Gray uses to bring about thought on what we value as Australians. Humans generally have lost the ability to recognize what has value. Presented in Grays didactic poem Flames and Dangling wire Is an aesthetic of decay, which has a prophetic tone. A presentation of the wasteland of western civilization is represented by a city dump, which is a foretaste of the end of the world. The use of the word dump suggests it as being societys burial ground, it is a collection of things that Worked being of past tense. It Is a constant reminder that we throw away things we regard as valueless, which is ironic as we continue to destroy everything with value. Mentions of Chopin and the raft of medusa being references to the romantic era, emphasize past culture, being of a regretful tone. These are used as a juxtaposition of society then and society now, being symbolic of the loss of core romantic values, of all the elements which we can be proud of as human beings, which are replaced on n Australian setting but it is an evaluation of universal denunciation. In North Coast Town Gray criticizes the material world, that in result- nature is less valued. Images of desolation and closure introduce the negative tone of the poem. Irony is used to show the foreign placement of unnatural entities within a natural place which highlights the towns detachment. For example, the beach is placed against the shell station which is ironic as the beach is a place of cleansing, birth of nature, a home for sea-life where the station is a symbol of how we pollute the air we rye to breathe as we continue to fuel our own destruction. Unless we take responsibility for the destruction we are causing, we cannot fix the damage done. In North Coast Town, Gray gives us the impression that the man is isolated, separate from nature due to the spoliation of the coastline which he would of once enjoyed. As he goes to the lavatory, even such a man-made structure is vandalized, nothing we touch as humans can remain untainted. Even the floury apple he eats is presented as being unappealing, the motion of eating suggesting he nests the corruption that we as humans grow around and within us which takes away lifes true value. .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 , .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .postImageUrl , .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 , .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:hover , .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:visited , .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:active { border:0!important; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:active , .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4 .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u381420f8089bd75aa25ce734054630e4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dulce Et Decorum Est Essay IntroductionThe idea of damnation is presented consistently through Flames and Dangling Wire. Through religious allusions and images of hell, Gray gives the impression that society is damned like the fallen angels of heaven- left to pick through what remains, for demons being souls, for society being the wasteland we used to call our environment. That demon with the long barge pole The ferryman Sharon, a classical legend- is an image of damnation, perhaps comparing modern society to being that f fateful punishment or even hell itself. Gray uses connotations of death to express the significance of his concerns and also to evoke reflection. As mentioned, This poem does not have a specific Australian setting but alike to the themes of North Coast Town, Gray stresses the importance of the value of the natural world. Gray, with having the role of not Just an observer, with the ability to see these issues, but also being involved with social changes which he comments are dangerous, presses his concern for Australian society and its values which are diminishing on our pursuit of materialistic greed.

TATA Company International Business

Introduction International business refers to commercial transactions that are conducted across political boarders. The boarder may describe countries, nations, states or even regions. International business is normally undertaken for purposes of profit making though transactions by governments at times carry political benefits.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on TATA Company’ International Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper seeks to discuss aspects of international business with respect to a case study about TATA Company. The paper will look into the case study to identify contemporary issues that are facing the company and to carry out an evaluator analysis into the company’s position and environment. The house of Tata The house of Tata is a family enterprise that was established in the year 1868. Having been established as a trading organization, the firm evolved over time to expa nd and diversify its operations in different sectors. Just six years after its establishment, the firm turned into dealing in textiles. The company also expanded in its financial capacity and was able to establish a luxury hotel in the country in the year 1903. Four years later, the firm established a steel company. Though the firm then took time before entering into another venture, it made a major step in the year 1932 to own an airline. The house of Tata also developed a subsidiary firm that, in the year 1968, deals in software. Besides its economic significance, the Tata group has been identified as a socially sensitive enterprise following its participation in charity activities. By the year 1938, the group had expanded to thirteen companies following the ventures that established its subsidiaries. One of the administrative approaches that the group developed under J. Tata as its chairman was the autonomy that the subsidiaries were granted. A level of independence in management was advocated for which led to the group’s firms expanding to overlap in their products. By the end of J. Tata’s reign as the group’s chairperson in the year 1991, Tata group had expanded from thirteen companies to three hundred companies. The entrance of R. Tata in the year 1991 to head the group was characterized with a lot of change in the organization. Ratan managed to revive some of the organization’s subsidiaries that were not stable such as the steel company and the motors company. He also restructured the firms many subsidiaries to work in groups that were based on the type of products offered. His restructuring reorganized the group into sectors that were â€Å"information systems and communications; engineering; materials; chemicals; consumer products; energy; and services† (Khanna, Palepu and Bullock, 2009, p. 2). Some of the company’s later significant developments have been international ventures through acquisitions and merger s with foreign companies (Khanna, Palepu and Bullock, 2009, p. 2).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Contemporary issues facing the company The long time duration in which the Tata group has existed has been characterized with features of opportunities, threats, strengths and even weaknesses. One of the issues that have been evident with the group, with specification to the Tata motors, has been its exploration and existence in the global market (Tata, n.d., p. 1). The group has a record of entry into the international market since the beginning of the twenty first century. The move by the company that includes acquisitions and integrations has been its strategy for exploration of and expansion into markets. The bid by the company to acquire Jaguar and Land Rover that were out for bids in the United States was an example of such explorations. Surowiecki reports that by the ye ar 2008, Tata Company had not explored the motor vehicle industry in the United States and its brand of product were not even available on the American roads. Though the company had a strong history with productions in India, it was not even yet known in the United States. The company’s dominance in its domestic market without any significant feature in foreign markets such as the United States and European markets, according to Surowiecki were due to the economic environment that surrounded the global market (Surowiecki, 2008, p. 1). Another international move by Tata motors was its partnership with MG rovers of Britain in the year 2003 that enabled the company to explore the European market. This move led to the introduction of â€Å"the Indica into the European market as the CityRover† (Khanna, Palepu and Bullock, 2009, p. 11).  In the partnership, Tata exported the brand of vehicle that was then sold in Europe by MG motors. Other acquisitions and partnerships wer e made with respect to companies in countries such as Spain, Brazil and Korea among others (Khanna, Palepu and Bullock, 2009, p. 14). The compa ny’s engagement in international trade is still on its course with an increasing trend being registered in the company’s exportation of vehicles. In April 2010 for example, the company exported one unit of a Nano brand of car that it had developed. The level of exportation of the same brand grew to reach four hundred and ninety eight by April 2011. The company is also reported to be making plans to further expand its international influence with plans to establish production units in regions such as the Latin America and Africa. Marketing techniques to expand its market in the already explored areas are also international avenues that are still being explored (News, 2011, p. 1).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on TATA Company’ International Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/ page Learn More Apart from the direct establishment of the company in the external markets, it has been deriving mutual exchange of expertise from the regions in which it expands. Acquisitions have for example been relinquishing technological rights to the company. The company has also to a great extent benefited from exchanging its management within its structure in different regions. A movement of a manager from one environment to another will lead to transfer of skills to the new region (Tata, n.d., p. 1).  There are also a number of issues that face the company in the form of weaknesses. One of such is the brand of vehicles that the company has been producing. Its brands have been associated with middle economic class which can not afford expensive cars. The brands are also outdated in the environment that has realized innovations from competitive companies. With the availability of many companies in the motor industry in the Indian market and the competition pr ovided by international automobile producers, the company has been struggling to cope with the market that is influenced by new car models in fashion (Research, 2009, p. 7). Also significant among the issues facing the company is the quality of its products in relation to those from other producers in the industry. A survey that was conducted over manufacturer’s ratings in the motor vehicle industry reveals that the company is not among consumer’s favorites. The result of the research that was based on factors such as â€Å"safety, quality, value, performance, environmental friendliness, design and technology† revealed a preference of other manufacturer’s vehicles as opposed to those of Tata. In relation to safety of vehicles, there are competition from brands such as â€Å"Volvo, Ford, Subaru† among others that are rated above Tata (Consumer, 2010, p. 1). Quality also rates brands such as â€Å"Toyota, Honda and Ford† among others as prefer red and value ranks â€Å"Honda, Toyota and Ford† among others in the level of preference (Consumer, 2010, p. 1). With brands such as those of Toyota, Honda and Ford among others being preferred over Tata with respect to all the aspects of the research, it is a clear indicator that regardless of the lower price of the Tata brands, they might not be preferred among those that have enough money to purchase the brands such as Toyota which have also diversified to realize production of cheap car models. The lowly priced productions of the company which has been associated with inefficiency with respect to aspects such as safety, value and quality among other car properties has thus in the long run worked to the disadvantage of the company. Other companies in the motor vehicle industry therefore have the capacity to beat Tata both in the international market as well as in India which the companies have infiltrated (Consumer, 2010, p. 1).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another survey that ranked vehicle brands with respect to number of problems registered per one hundred vehicles also reveals lack of efficiency in the vehicle model. According to the survey, Honda closes the list of top five with ninety nine problems registered out of every one hundred vehicles sampled. Tata vehicles are therefore characterized with at least 100 problems per 100 sampled vehicles. This reveals a probability that each and every Tata brand of vehicles have problems. Such cases of problems associated with its vehicles may turn customers away from the company’s brands (Top, 2011, p. 1).  Tata together with the entire Indian auto mobile industry has also been criticized with poor strategy in its attempt to acquire market for its products. Though the company has realized growth in market control, it is feared that this influence could be short leaved. The company has been criticized for not employing modern technologies in its production and marketing processes. One of the poor strategies that have been realized of Tata is the offensive move to counter competition that it realizes in the market without appropriate long term plans. A move that Tata has not yet identified though is perceived to be of great benefit to it is the reduction in its expenditures and development of the quality of products that it offers (Rediff, 2004, p. 1). Weaknesses facing the company are also reported to include lower return on investment which gives reflection of low profitability. The company’s sales in India are also reported to be less than its targets besides its inability to capture the market of luxury cars (MBA, 2009, p. 1). The issue of Tata’s acquisition of Jaguar and Land Rover Though Tata has had a past of acquisitions and mergers with other companies especially in the bid to expand its market influence, it ought not to acquire the two brands of vehicles, Jaguar and Land Rover. Available options to Tata group Though the Tata group has m ajorly resorted to mergers and acquisitions in its bid to expand, especially to the international market, it in general terms has a variety of options for expansion of its market in foreign countries. Ansoff’s growth matrix One of the strategies that the group can adopt is the matrix approach that is based on consideration of both market forces and the organizations products. Under this approach, considerations are made with respect to existing markets and products as well as possible new markets and products. The approach then gives rise to elements such as â€Å"market penetration, product development, market development and diversification† (Action, n.d., 1). Market penetration: market penetration refers to the move by a firm to increase its control of an existing market. Under this move, the Tata group can make efforts to capitalize on the control of its domestic market that it has experienced and has good knowledge of. This approach may be less risky and relativel y cheaper for the company as compared to the acquisitions that are directed to new and distant markets from the firm’s original location. Market development as an approach to the matrix method on the other hand entails the introduction of an organizations existing product into new markets. The market could be the organization’s domestic or a foreign one. Under this approach, the group can resort to exploring its unexploited markets in terms of geographical regions and social classes. It can take its products to these markets and employ marketing strategies to increase its sales in these markets. This, if successful can enable the company to increase its sales and hence its revenues and profitability.  Product development on the other hand establishes new products into an existing market. With this approach, the firm can enter into innovations of new brands of commodities such as its own initiatives into new brands of luxury vehicles for example. With its originality, the organization can then take advantage of the good will that it has over time developed in India and its other markets. Following the company’s ability that has given it market share in the past, its newly introduced products will be acceptable and even perform better if they are associated with developed quality and efficiencies. Tata can similarly introduce its new products and venture them in entirely new environments. Such could have been the case instead of acquisitions. The company could have been introducing its originally invented products into markets such as the United States, Europe and even other regions like Latin America and Africa. The diversification approach can be in the organization’s lines of production or can be ventures into other lines such introduction of a different commodity (Action, n.d., 1). Franchising and licensing The use of franchising and licensing over intellectual property is another avenue that the company can employ to help it im prove its revenues. With relatively less investments into inventions, the company can earn from contracts over its intelligence. The advantage behind franchising is the fact that it is not capital intensive and is therefore less risky once the property is established. Such moves will also help Tata in developing capacity into innovative moves for more quality products (Action, n.d., 1). Public equity Generating funds from public investors into major development steps that could only be unaffordable to the company can also be a strategy. Given enough resources such as finances, the firm can for instance have the capacity to develop new brands and their manufacturing sites in its domestic and foreign markets. Direct ventures such as increasing its direct exports into foreign markets are also a positive move (Action, n.d., 1). Foreign direct investments Another venture that Tata could have adopted in its initiative to diversify into international market is through foreign direct invest ments into its target countries. With the general wave of countries encouraging for foreign direct investments with even government initiatives to facilitate the same, Tata could take the advantage to establish its production units in foreign markets (Bento Joao, 2009, 2). Evaluation The decision against Tata’s acquisition of the two models is based on the circumstances that have surrounded the vehicle brands. One of the issues that clouded the acquisition of the brands is the economic downfall in the brand’s dominant markets which is the United States and Europe. With the melt down, Tata company was undertaking a risk that could impact its financial stability. This is because the vehicle brands had in the first place been associated with significant loses and coupled with the poor economic status in their markets; Tata stood a risk of failing to recover its investments in the two brands. The currency factor that would over time change due to cross border transactions also posed a threat to Tata’s financial interests in the transaction. The move thus put Tata’s profitability at great risk (Icmirida, 2008, p. 7). Another challenge to the acquisition would be the barriers in the culture between the operational set ups of the acquired brands and that of Tata’s India. In India for instance, there is an established culture that any business that is crumbling can be revived even under limited resources and poor business environment. Though this is a good philosophy, it is not very promising in environments where productions are based on efficiencies and resource limitation is not a factor. The two brands that are at their poor financial states might not be successfully revived to a competitive level with other European and American brands as would be possible in India where domestic competitors depend on the philosophy (Thite, Wilkinson and Budhwar, n.d., p. 2). The poor quality production reported of Tata, that could be associated with its Indian philosophy of working under limited resources, could as well pose a threat to the development of the already loss oriented car brands. This is actually significant in the environment where unlike India, quality is given preference. The investment might therefore not pick up to sustainability (Hall, 2011, p. 1). The general trend that was adopted by the firm in its move to venture into the international market appears to be more risky relative to other available options for expansion into international markets. Measures such as the growth matrix and exportation allow an investing entity a basis of originality that could drive well among customers. Direct foreign investments that are well initiated with established authority and rights of the investor are another positive avenue for expansion. Acquisitions and mergers especially with entities that are not profit making in on the other hand a more tasking initiative (Action, n.d., 1), (Bento Joao, 2009, 2). Recommendat ions Regardless of the company’s moves to expand its market control in the motor vehicle industry, it is still faced with problems such as inefficiencies in its production processes leading low quality products. The company should therefore develop a strategy into transforming its operations to be in line with the level of technology and quality in the market. This will help the company’s products to gain preference among consumers. The company should also take measures to directly improve its image in the market. Contrary to moving to have acquisitions as a strategy to increasing its sales, the company should concentrate its efforts on marketing its cheap brands in developing country where customers might resort to lower cost as opposed to expensive brands. The company also has better and safer approaches into the international market. Instead of rushing into acquisitions and mergers, the firm can independently make avenues into the international markets. Foreign dire ct investments, exportation and market expansion would be better for the Tata group of companies. Conclusion The Tata group having been established as a family business developed over time to have independent subsidiaries. Its development has also included diversification of its market by acquiring enterprises in international markets. The company is however characterized by a weak system that produces poor quality products. Its move to acquire Jaguar and Land Rover don’t seem to be a good move following its weaknesses and the threats that such acquisitions are associated with. On the contrary, the firm should have adopted other techniques in exploring the international market. References Action. (n.d.). growing your business- growth and expansion. Available from: http://www.ace.org.sg/Site/Page.aspx?id=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000013421. Bento Joao. (2009). Economic Integration, International Trade and the Role of Foreign Direct Investment: The Case of Portuguese Manufact uring. Berlin, Germany: LIT Verlag Mà ¼nster Consumer. (2010) Most important factors in buying a car. [Online] Available from: http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/cars/new-cars/news/2010/01/2010-car-brand-perceptions-survey/most-important-factors/brand-perceptions-most-important-factors.htm Hall, W. (2011) Jaguar Land Rover: Halewood makes its case. [Online] Available from: http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/41a5ef84-8dbf-11dd-83d5-0000779fd18c.html#axzz1NflZEKu0 Icmirida. (2008) Tata motor’s acquisition of Jaguar and Land Rover. [Online] Available from: http://www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20strategy/BSTR313.htm Khanna, T., Palepu, K and Bullock, R. (2009) House of Tata: Acquiring a global footprint. New York: Cengage Learning. MBA. (2009) TATA motors swot analysis. [Online] Available from: http://www.mba-tutorials.com/marketing/251-tata-motors-swot-analysis.html News. (2011) Nano goes global as Tata Motors begins export. [Online] Available from: http://ne ws.24by7info.net/nano-goes-global-as-tata-motors-begins-export/ Rediff. (2004) The big threat to Indian autos. [Online] Available from: http://www.rediff.com/money/2004/sep/21guest2.htm Research. (2009) Automobile sector. [Online] Available from: http://www.slideshare.net/Nisha08/research-3372818 Surowiecki, J. (2008) The Tata invasion. [Online] Available from: http://www.newyorker.com/talk/financial/2008/01/28/080128ta_talk_surowiecki Tata. (n.d.) SWOT Analysis-Tata motors limited. [Online] Available from: http://www.marketingteacher.com/swot/tata-motors-swot.html Thite, M., Wilkinson, A and Budhwar, P. (n.d.) Internationalization of India Inc. [Online] Available from: https://www.google.com/url?sa=tsource=webcd=2ved=0CCgQFjABurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shrm.org%2Fabout%2Ffoundation%2Fresearch%2FDocuments%2FThite%2520India%2520Paper%25204-11.docxrct=jq=acquisition%20of%20jaguar%20by%20tata-%20cultural%20barrierei=ejjhTY_9C4rAhAfU09HWBgusg=AFQjCNGGw6IcSVzGg87ej21DtOKdnTxz8wcad=rja To p. (2011) The top 5 car brands with the least quality problems. [Online] Available from: http://www.top5ofanything.com/index.php?h=24788248 This report on TATA Company’ International Business was written and submitted by user Jillian Farmer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Macbeth Blood motif essays

Macbeth Blood motif essays In William Shakespeares Macbeth, the motif of blood plays an important factor in the framework of the theme. A motif is a methodical approach to uncover the true meaning of the play. Macbeth, the main character in the play, thinks he can unjustly advance to the title of king without any variation of his honest self. The blood on Macbeths hands illustrates the guilt he must carry after plotting against King Duncan and yearning for his crown. Shakespeare used the image of blood to portray the central idea of Macbeth, King Duncans murder. The crime is foreshadowed in the second scene of the first act. The king shouts, What bloody man is that? (I,ii,1) He is referring to a soldier coming in from battle. The soldier then explains to King Duncan of Macbeths heroics in battle. One assumes that Macbeth is bloody just like the soldier. The soldier describes Macbeth in action Disdaining Fortune, with his brandished steel, Which smoked with bloody execution. (I,ii,17-18) This line connects Macbeth with killing, and hints at the future. The evil deed of murdering the king becomes too much of a burden on the Macbeths. The blood represents their crime, and they can not escape the sin of their actions. Macbeth realizes that in time he would get what he deserves. Since he can not ride himself of his guilt by washing the blood away, his fate may have been sealed. They try to use water for vindication, but Macbeth says that all the water in the ocean could not cleanse his hands. He imagines the blood from the murder staining the ocean red. Lady Macbeth differs from her husband in this aspect. She believes her conscience would be cleansed at the time her hands are physically cleaned. She tells her husband to have the same beliefs as she or he would be driven to insanity. Ironically, Lady Macbeth is the one that is driven to the brink of lunacy as she commits suicide at t...

Research and analyze company's current IT situation Essay

Research and analyze company's current IT situation - Essay Example The first outlet of Wal-Mart was opened in the same area in 1962 by the name of Wal-Mart discount store. Thereafter, another 12 retail stores under the ownership of Walton’s family were opened (Wal-Mart). However, it was not until 1969 that the Wal-Mart stores chain was founded (Wal-Mart). The strategy on the basis of which Wal-Mart was founded was providing everyday low prices at any place. It was not until 1970 that the first stock was traded with the formation of Wal-Mart as a public limited company (Wal-Mart). Thereafter, the company’s operations expanded and its distribution centers increased leading to increased growth through acquisitions. Competition also increased with retailers such as K-mart, Costco, Dillard's, Dollar Tree, J.C Penny, Sears and Target (NASDAQ). The bargaining power of customers, therefore, increased with the availability of greater substitutes. This increased the need to manage the operations efficiently and effectively which meant the compan y had to make use of information systems and manage them to sustain their competitive edge. Perhaps the primary reason behind the rapid growth of Wal-Mart is its high responsiveness to customer needs and cost reduction through the integration of information technology and information systems into its supply chain and logistics. This is reflected in Wal-Mart being the first retailer to have adopted the hub-and-spoke system of centralized distribution (Banjo). The hub-and-spoke system revolves around the idea of systems integration with the inflow of products from various places to distribution centers where the orders are consolidated and sent to their respective destinations (Banjo). These enable companies to reduce cycle times, inventory as well as costs of transportation. Wal-Mart has carefully synchronized its business strategy with its MIS strategy. This is in line with literature which suggests that the operational, managerial and strategic needs of corporation must be aligned with the information systems. The model of strategic alignment suggests that the business, IT, Organizational infrastructure and IT infrastructure must be aligned with each other (Venkatraman, Henderson and Oldach). The strategic drivers in the case of Wal-Mart included intense and growing competition, the need to shift to online operations and cutting costs to enhance profits. All these have resulted in Wal-Mart resorting to the use of Management Information Systems in its operations. Although traditionally classified as a brick and mortar company with physical operations only, Wal-Mart can now be categorized as a dot.com corporation as well owing to the foundation of walmart.com. Wal-Mart presents a case of a retailer that has used information technology to achieve and maintain a competitive edge in the market. As mentioned earlier, this is based on the company’s business strategy of offering lowest possible prices (which can come through lowest possible costs). Therefore, cost reduction and responsiveness to customer needs have been at the heart of Wal-Mart’s business strategy. The company has catered to the needs of most of its stakeholders including its vendors, suppliers and customers through the adoption of information systems. Wal-Mart has invested huge sums of money for tracking its inventory across all outlets. The satellite communication system developed in

HOW CAN MORAL RESPONSIBILITY BE ASCRIBED TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS Research Proposal

HOW CAN MORAL RESPONSIBILITY BE ASCRIBED TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS - Research Proposal Example Aside from this, a computer system is only helpful if its functions well and with ample amount of security. By this, it has a system that works the way it is as it is expected to work that way and be much reliable (Bace, 2000, p.29; Forester and Morrison, 1993). In other words, a computer system is created to maximise its benefits. We can actually see this happening now. Below are some actual observations we can associate with a computer system and its various benefits it offers to the humanity. Today, wherever we go, we always encounter highly systematic and computerized services, gadgets and other related technologies. Starting with our private and personal needs, many of them are now integrated with computer systems. Our mobile phones for instance, are designed with high ability to function based on a complex computerised system. Mobile phones for instance, have been revolutionised into smartphones with various features aside from their basic functions. With smartphones, we can co nnect to the whole world; extend our social networks and make it live wherever we go; we can shop in abundance or initiate business and conduct other related transactions; we can download and upload almost everything at anytime with all convenience and more. These are just some added features we can encounter with a highly innovative smartphones today aside from the very basic features of calling and sending or receiving short message service (SMS). For online access, we can even connect it anytime and almost everywhere to Wi-Fi zones and fast-speed internet broadband connections, which also perform at their best via assistance of a computer system. In addition to meeting our personal needs, the design of musical gadget such as iPods can play music and do more complex tasks with the use of simple features and commands, all are made possible because of intricate and powerful design of a working computer system. Furthermore, we can withdraw and transfer money from anywhere because of Automated Teller Machines (ATM) working online, 24 hours a day in a week, which allow us to insert our ATM cards designed to function in perfect compatibility with various banking machines. In fact, our banking transactions can even be made more complex as one could now initiate cross-banking services, all because of the upgraded computer system. Without any question, we now rely on a computer system our very crucial transactions like these. We might be unconscious about it, but we gave in to the promise of computer system into our lives, to the extent that we trust that our confidentiality will have a high value of assurance. In fact, various businesses offering service and product offerings are now depending their entire transactions on a computer system in order to meet the demand for more convenience, profitability and tough competition for gaining competitive advantage. As the world transforms and as the lifestyles of many change, we tend to rely on the capability of a computer system in order to aid our life for convenience and other substantial benefits it could possibly offer us. In addition, for various health services, we also depend on

W8last-OD Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

W8last-OD Report - Essay Example If the top management has a proactive feel about the change avenues, it will always make sure that the organization is geared to achieve success on a consistent basis (Berkowitz 2003). These steps should be undertaken by the organization to make sure that the change regimes are in place and are being adopted by the different tiers within the realms of the organization. The performance regimes depend a great deal on the ways and means through which the organization is gauging the facts and figures and in light of the same, the different recommendations and conclusions are drawn up from time to time. In essence, it is always a good practice to have as much consistency within the efforts as possible as this will bring in a huge amount of success. Ethical discussions are pertinent because these embody the basis of its success in the long run from a holistic perspective. Moral values and justifications are important from an organizational standpoint as these are looked upon in a very positive way. These help the basis of building hierarchies within an organization and thus bank on the premise of bringing about a solid change, a change that is long-lasting and happens on a consistent basis (Streatfield 2001). An assessment for any organization will suggest that ethical considerations are significant and that these will tie up the employees with the rules and policies that the business concern teaches from time to time. In fact the human resources management concern has a huge role to play within the entire mix as it dictates the basis of success or failure as far as the ethical talks are related. Any organization would direly require the correct incorporation of ethics within its folds because this embodies its criteria for att aining success or the lack thereof, in the long run scheme of things (Robbins 2004). The organizational assessment gains quite a fair amount of share within the discourse that

Impact of Internet Addiction on Social Skills

Impact of Internet Addiction on Social Skills The world continues to progress all the time with the rapid development of new technologies. Inventions like telephone, television, computers, and Internet being one of  the most recent in a series of technological developments have proven that people are no  longer limited by geographical boundaries. Almost everyone will agree that Internet is  the largest and most flexible source of information in the world today. It is widely used  by the business world for conducting their daily work or research and by individuals for  communication, entertainment, learning and relaxing. However, apart from the  advantages there are some disadvantages of the excessive use. Internet has been  responsible for decreased family time, relationship problems, lower productivity in  employment, continuation of false information and the increasing of psychological  problems (Beard, 2005). The development of Internet is increasing worldwide and the  excessive use leads to Internet addic tion that became a common problem nowadays. The nature of the term addiction is difficult to define. Addiction has been referred  as an uncontrollable compulsive behavior that despite of the negative consequences it is a  repeated behavior. This behavior includes using more of the substances than intended;  having unsuccessful attempts to stop, and experiencing problems in their social and work  environment (Kring, Johnson, Davison, Neale, 2010). Internet addiction disorder was first seen in the U.S press in 1995, in an article  that was published in New York Times with the title The Lure and Addiction of Life On  line ». The author of the article, O Neill, stated that health professionals related excessive  Internet use to obsessive shopping, exercise, and gambling (Chack Leung, 2004). Goldberg (1996) presented the first definition for Internet addiction, describing it as a  behavioral addiction that took the criteria from substance dependence from the DSM-IV. Griffiths (2000) expanded the definition by stating that technological addictions are a  subset of behavioral addictions that include six components (salience, mood  modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict and relapse). Also Internet addiction might  be caused by many aspects of internet use like distant communication, the fact that there  is no face to face contact, and other online activities like chat rooms (Griffiths, 2000). A  second definition that was called Problematic Internet Use (PIU) took criteria from DSM-IV and was associated with pathological gambling (Young, 1996). The author stated that  in order for a person to be addicted he/she has to meet five of the eight criteria. Some of  these criteria are, obsession with internet, environmental problems, withdrawal when  reducing internet etc. Also according to Young, Problematic Internet Use could be more  related to impulse control disorder that substance dependence. The problem that arises  out o f these two definitions is that they neither exclude co-morbidity as an important  factor nor determine whether the time spent on the internet is related to their normal work  or to a pathological addiction. Both defitions support a pathological etiology that has no  theoretical base (Hall Parsons, 2001). By extending the definition of Young, Davis (2001) suggests that problematic  internet can be regarded as Specific Pathological Internet Use and Generalized  Pathological Internet Use. The first is using the internet to increase an addiction that has  occurred before (gambling), while the second is about the general use of internet  (searching, chatting). Another definition that was presented for internet addiction was  named Internet Behavior Dependence. This definition suggests that excessive Internet use  can cause problems to cognitive, behavioural, and emotional functioning in a generally  healthy person. The dependence that a person has on internet can been seen by the  following: deficient in satisfaction with all areas in his life, like school, work or home,  use of internet with less pleasure, feels worry when not using, failure in controlling the  use regardless of all the physical, psychological and social problems. No matter how  someone call it, Int ernet- related disorders are arising as a serious problem for which  people need understanding, help and change. The internet because of its rapid spread is reachable nowadays by almost  everyone and especially college students. They tend to be more vulnerable than others  because of the developmental stressors, like social relationships, and because internet can  be easily accessed. Many students use it nowadays for many purposes, like preparing  course works, search information, communicate, and entertain those selves (Ceyhan,  2008). Also online relationships differ from real relationships ». Through internet  anonymity is provided and anxiety is reduced because there are no face to face  interactions. The self- presentation of a person in an online activity may prevent him from  being judged for his appearance or personality style (Kandell, 1998). Therefore students  are more likely to develop problems with internet than others. Many studies have been  conducted using DSM- based criteria and showed higher rates in internet use among  college students than in gen eral population (Morahan- Martin Schumacher, 1999;  Yang, 2001). In the literature there is a great number of studies showing that Internet  addiction has been related to many variables apart from social skills such as gender and  internet expertise (Morahan-Martin Schumacher, 1997), age and grade level  (Johansson, 2004), online experiences and the amount of time spent online (Morahan-  Martin, 1999), depression, with increased levels of depression being associates with  internet addiction (Young, Rogers, 1998), and impulse control disorder (Shapira, 2003). Social skills are a fundamental factor in the development of the relationships. They include all the behaviours that a person should have in his/her interactions and  communication with other people (Teodoro, 2005). Caplan (2002) developed a theory  imploring deficient social skills. The author claimed that people who are depressive and  lonely tend to have a negative view towards their social skills. Another explanation can  be that people who tend to be low in social skills are attracted by some special features of  online communication. These features allow the person to adopt another self-presentation  that cannot be developed through face to face interaction. Through this, a person may  exaggerate and present himself different than he is in real life (Caplan, 2002). Thus, for  some people Internet is a place much easier and safe because of its anonymity and  because it requires less interpersonal communication. It is a place less stressful where  they can control their social skills better than having a face to face interaction (Shaw   Black, 2008). There have not been conducted a lot of studies until now that measure internet  addiction and social skills in college students. Most of the studies focused on excessive  internet use and how it affects the development of social skills in children and  adolescents (Harman, Hansen, Cochran, Lindsey, 2005). The research that has been  conducted focused in some specific aspects of social skills like shyness, loneliness, social  adjustment. There is a contradiction in the literature referring to these specific aspects of  social skills and internet addiction. Engelberg (2004) in his study about internet use,  social skills and social adjustment found out that individuals who use excessively internet  tend to be lonelier and have problems in their social adjustment in work and in their spare  time. On the other hand, another research found out that by talking online in chat rooms,  loneliness is reduced and social support is increased (Waestlund, Norlander, Archer,  2001). Also another study conducted by Morahan-Martin (2003) found out that lonely  people tend to use internet for emotional support and that their social behaviour is  increased by making online friends. In a study it was shown that shyness and locus of  control were associated with internet addiction. It was found that persons scored higher  levels of internet addiction tend to be shier and indicating more difficulties in their social  life. (Chack Leung, 2004). Most of the studies that have been conducted measured  some specific aspects of social skills that are most of them loneliness, shyness and social  adjustment and social comfort. There is a contradiction in the studies referring to  loneliness and social comfort, with studies indicating different results (Engelberg, 2004;  Waestlund et al., 2001). Due to this contradiction further research should be conducted to  measure whether these aspects of social skills are related in a negative or in a positi ve  way with the use of internet. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship  between compulsive internet use and four dimensions of social skills that are loneliness/depression, impulse control, social comfort and distraction. Methods Participants An approximately number of 70 undergraduate college students is going to  participate in the current study. Their age will range from 18 to 35 years  old. The study will be conducted in an English University in northern Greece and  students will be recruited from different departments, the psychology, computer and   business department. The measuring tools will be given in English since they know and  understand the language. Also participants will not be from the same ethnicity but from  different countries like Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Serbia and Fyrom. Measures Online Cognition Scale (Davis, Flett, Besser, 2002). The OCS is a  multidimensional questionnaire that was designed to measure Problematic Internet Use. It  is consisted of 36-items that cover four subscales, six items measure loneliness/  depression, ten items measure diminished impulse control, distraction is measured by  seven items and social comfort by thirteen items. Respondents will rate in a seven-point  Likert scale with answers ranging from 1- strongly disagree, 4- neither agree/ nor  disagree to -7 strongly agree. Students will respond to statements such as: I feel safest  when I am on the internet; I use the Internet more than I ought to; I am less lonely  when I am online and I often use the Internet to avoid doing unpleasant things. In  order to avoid order effects the items of the online cognition scale were presented in a  random order. The author in order to establish the validity of the Online Cognition Scale  investigated the association betw een various cognitive and behavioural variables and the  OCS dimensions of problematic internet use. Item-total correlations were highly  significant, ranging from 0.47- 0.77 for social comfort, 0.49- 0.81 for loneliness/depression, 0.50-0.76 for diminished impulse control, and 0.55-0.80 for distraction. Compulsive Internet Use Scale (Meerkerk, Eijnden, Vermulst, Garretsen,  2009). The CIUS was designed to assess the severity of compulsive Internet use. It  includes 14 items and participants will respond in a five-point scale: 0, never; 1, seldom;  2, sometimes; 3, often; 4, very often. The questions included in the scale are like: How  often do you think about the Internet, even not online; How often do you go on the  Internet when you are feeling down. The author in order to test the validity of the test  used another test the online cognition scale. Pearson correlations were high and  significant between CIUS and OCS with p Procedure The sample will be obtained by college students randomly during class or break. Participants are going to fill in the three questionnaires individually with all the useful  instructions provided. They will have the chance to fill them right away or hand them  over later to secretary. Also with the questionnaires they will receive a consent form that  have to sign in order to show that they agree to participate in the study. Participants will  be encouraged to answer as honest as they can, but someone can be never sure about the  answers and if someone will feel offended or upset by a question. Participants will have  the right to withdraw anytime they do not want to continue for any reason, without  receiving any penalty. Confidentiality and anonymity were provided and explained that  the study is only for research. Also, the instructor will be there ready to answer any  question in case of any doubt. Design The design of the study is a correlation design that will measure the two variables,  Internet addiction and the level of social skills. Proposed Analysis Pearson correlation will be conducted for the data analysis that will investigate  the correlation between the severity of compulsive internet use and the level of social  skills.

Compare the portrayal of men and women in Turned and in Tony Kytes, the arch -deceiver :: Charlotte Perkins Gilman Thomas Hardy

‘Turned’ by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and ‘Tony kytes, the arch-deceiver’ by Thomas Hardy, are both short stories. They are about the relationships between men and women. ‘Turned’ is a more severe story. It is about a man called Mr Marroner going abroad for work, and his wife finding out that Mr Marroner had slept with their servant Gerta. Gerta then becomes pregnant and, consequently Mrs Marroner tells Gerta to leave. However, Mrs Marroner soon realises that it was Mr Marroner’s fault, and therefore Mrs Marroner and Gerta leave before Mr Marroner returns home. ‘Tony Kytes, the arch deceiver’ is a more light-hearted story. Tony is a man that likes a lot of women, and there are a lot of women that like Tony. Tony is supposed to be engaged to a young women named Milly, however on a journey home from town he meets two other girls. Both are previous girlfriends and they start flirting with him. Tony ends up with two girls hiding in the back of his wagon and one sitting beside him. He gets in a bit of a muddle. However he ends marrying Milly. This story is about a man who is unsure about how he feels towards his fiancà ©. Mrs. Marroner from ‘turned’ was a well educated, high society woman. She lived in Boston, an upper-class suburb, had a Ph.D. and once lectured at university. A woman being highly educated was very rare for the early 20th century. Because of her suburban upbringing and education she was a confident, free thinking and independent women who relied on no one. She was the more dominant person in her marriage. We know that she has interesting life as the author says ‘her well-filled, well-balanced mind, her many interests.’ This proves that she has an interesting life and has many interests. Mrs Marroner’s feelings for Gerta change a lot throughout the story. When she first found out that Gerta was pregnant, she was devastated, very emotional. She could not believe that something like this could happen because Gerta was almost like a daughter to Mrs Marroner. When Mrs Marroner had thought about what had happened her feelings for Gerta changed again, she re alised that it was Mr Marroners fault. She then decided to forgive Gerta. Many women would put up with a bad husband rather than have no husband, however, Mrs Marroner isn’t like this. She leaves her husband to take care of Gerta.

Mona lisa

Leonardo dad Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. Born out of wedlock, the love child of a respected notary and a young peasant woman, he was raised by his father, Seer Piper, and his stepmothers. At the age of 14, dad Vinci began apprenticing with the artist Veronica. For six years, he learned a wide breadth of technical skills, including metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing and sculpting. By the age of 20, he had qualified as a master artist in the Guild of Saint Luke and established his won workshop.Many doesn't know, Florentine court records show that dad Vinci was charged with and acquitted of sodomy's at the age of 22, and for two years, his whereabouts went entirely undocumented. In 1482, Leonardo left Florence for Milan, where he became official artist to Ladylove Sports, duke of the city. Leonardo undertook many projects in that time period. Leonardo remained with Sports until the latter's fall from power in 1499, after which he returned to Florence. S ketches and written records indicate that Leonardo worked as a sculptor, but no examples minded.Only about a dozen of paintings can be definitely attributed to him, and several are left unfinished. There are hundreds of drawings and thousands of pages from his notebook that testify to the man being an extraordinary genius. He was many things, writer, mathematician, inventor, and artist. Leonardo dad Vinci was a leading artist and intellectual of the Italian Renaissance who's known for his enduring works â€Å"The Last Supper† and â€Å"Mona Lisa. † The Mona Lisa is perhaps Leonardo Dad Vine's most famous of paintings. It is an oil painting, painted on poplar DOD.The painting is most famous for the smile of the woman, which people have been trying to decipher for a long time. Many believe that the portrait is that of Dad Vinci himself, while many also place a lot mystic connections with this painting. The portrait depicts a woman's bust, with a distant landscape that is visible in the backdrop. Leonardo used a pyramid design to install the woman in a simple and calm manner within the painting. The woman is shown with her hands folded, with her breast, neck, and face painted the same color as her hands.The light is diffused so that the various curves and geometrical shapes on the painting are made visible through it. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the painting is the woman's smile. Many believe that it is innocent and inviting; while others believe it is that of smugness and is a smirk. Many scientific studies have been undertaken to determine the exact nature of the smile and the real reason remains a mystery. It is believed that every person sees the smile differently because of the changes in the lighting hat Leonardo presented.The woman is shown seated in an open area, and behind her is a vast landscape, which recedes to an icy mountain. Some winding paths and a faraway bridge is also perceptible in the background. The painting is an amazing one and one should definitely take a look at it in order to appreciate its full beauty. The painting is currently on display at the Muse du Louvre, in Paris. The Mona Lisa by Leonardo dad Vinci contains many elements and principles of art in its beautiful and â€Å"ideal† portrait.This piece of art was completed in 1519 and is the prototype of the Renaissance portrait. There are many forms of elements in this piece such as line, color, texture, shape, and value. There are also some principles of art; emphasis, digital movement, harmony and balance. Leonardo dad Vinci uses all of these elements and principles in The Mona Lisa which make it such an important contribution to the world of art. Leonardo dad Vinci has shown us many forms of elements in this famous piece such as line, color, texture, shape, and value.There is the element line used in this piece of art to show implied outlines. These are found on The Mona Alias's hands which creates a texture. Another element is color. Although the colors are dull, red, yellow, and blue are used throughout the piece to add color, and balance. It looks like Leonardo dad Vinci the colors to blend from red to yellow, and finally blue in the background. Texture is the degree of roughness and smoothness in an object and is shown in the Mona Lisa through her clothing. Bibliography: Living With Art 10th edition Mark Getting pig. 143 Mona Lisa I have chosen the Mona Lisa to analyze. The portrait of Mona Lisa is also known as La Giaconda, she was the wife of Francesco del Giaconda. This painting was done in oil paints on poplar wood by Leonardo ad Vinci from the year 1503 to 1506. The dimensions of this painting are 76. 2 x 53. 3 CM. The painting is now in the Muse du Louvre in Paris. The Mona Lisa is a painting of a woman, dressed in a dark green dress with her hands overlapping. The background of the painting is a mountainous landscape.The whole painting is a remarkable example of Leonardo suffuse technique of painting. Suffuse is the blurred outline and mellowed colors that allow one form to merge with another and always leave something to our imagination. This is a technique that only Leonardo perfected. Other famous painters such as Van Eyes, Antenna, and Poetical tried, but were unsuccessful in duplicating Leonardo technique. The Mona Lisa has been analyzed over and over by many intelligent people who have theories ab out the painting, and TTS mysterious appearance.It is the expression on the face of the Mona Lisa that seems to be attractive yet distant; these qualities have given the portrait universal fame. Leonardo deliberately used suffuse technique in the corners of the mouth and around the eyes leaving them indistinct by letting them merge into a soft shadow. What strikes us first about the Mona Lisa is the amazing degree to which she looks alive. She really seems to look at us and to have a mind of her own.Like a living Ewing, she seems to change before our eyes and to look a little different each time she is viewed. This is one of the reasons that the Mona Lisa is greatly admired, and is copied all over the world. If we look carefully at the Mona Lisa we will see that the two sides do not quite match. This is most obvious in the landscape in the background. The horizon on the left side seems to lie much lower that the one on the right. When we look at the left side of the woman she appear s to be taller than if we look at the right side.Her face seems to change depending which side we are focusing on, because even here the two sides do not match. Many years ago people looked at portraits with wonder, because they had thought that in preserving the likeness the artist could preserve the soul of the person. In my opinion the Mona Lisa was a turning point in the art of expression, because of suffuse technique of Leonardo do Vinci. Today the Mona Lisa is still one of the most beautiful, and mysterious works of art, as it is still being analyzed to this day. Mona Lisa By Stretches Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci is the most famous painting in the world.   In fact, it is the most popular work of art in history.   Millions of people have visited the Louvre to view it.   Though it has been created in the 16th century, it has continued to be controversial at present.   This research paper aims to discuss the history of the painting, and the recent developments around it. It is believed that Leonardo da Vinci began painting the Mona Lisa in 1503 (â€Å"History†).   The painting was finished four years after (â€Å"History†).   It was said that the painting was purchased by King Francois of France in 1516 for 4,000 coins of gold (â€Å"History†; Blake).   Francois I invited Leonardo to France â€Å"to work at Clos Lucà ©,† and the latter died after three years (Wallis 226; Blake).   The painting was eventually included in the monarch's art collection, and was placed in the royal bathroom (Wallis 226). There had been speculation that the painting was reduced after Leonardo's death, and that it originally had two columns on the sides (â€Å"History†).   However, art experts refute this claim.   During the French Revolution, it was said that Napoleon had placed the painting in his bedroom in Tuileries Palace (Blake).   Soon after, it was returned to the Lourve.   The Mona Lisa was temporarily hidden in a location in France in the duration of the Franco-Prussian War and World War II (Blake).   In 1963, the painting was brought to Washington, and was insured for $100 million dollars (Wallis 226).   At present, the painting can still be found in the museum, and is currently a property of the French government.   The painting also has a duplicate, which can be found in Dulwich Picture Gallery (â€Å"History†). In 1911, the Mona Lisa was stolen from the Louvre (Rosenberg 1).   The exact date of the theft was August 21st, but it was only the day after when the authorities noticed that the painting was missing (Rosenberg 1).   It was a painter who first discovered that the Mona Lisa was missing.   The painting was hung on Salon Carrà © of the Lourve and could be found between two other paintings: â€Å"The Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine† by Correggio and â€Å"The Allegory of Alfonso d'Avalos† by Titian (Rosenberg 1). On August 22nd, Louis Bà ©roud only found iron pegs on the wall; the painting was missing (Rosenberg 1). On September 7th that same year, French poet Guillaume Apollinaire was arrested (Rosenberg 2).   He was considered a suspect simply because he was a friend of a known artifact thief named Gà ©ry Pià ©ret (Rosenberg 2).   He was released five days later.   Even world-famous painter Pablo Picasso was considered a suspect (Blake).   Two years had passed before there was any development regarding the theft (Rosenberg 2). In 1913, an antique dealer named Alfredo Geri placed an ad in the newspaper, stating that he was interested in purchasing art pieces (Rosenberg 3).   The thief responded to the ad and introduced himself as Leonardo Vincenzo, and he told Geri he had the Mona Lisa (Rosenberg 3).  Ã‚   Leonardo Vincenzo is actually Vincenzo Peruggia, a former Lourve employee (Rosenberg 3).   He worked in the museum in 1908, but he was still recognized by the museum's security at the time of the theft.   He took the painting from the salon, proceeded to the staircase and detached the painting from its frame.   He hid the Mona Lisa under his smock, and left the museum unnoticed (Rosenberg 3). The Mona Lisa is an oil painting that measures at only 31 x 21 inches (Blake).   The painting is placed on a â€Å"poplar wooden panel† (Blake).   Leonardo used the sfumato method in painting the Mona Lisa (Blake).   In Italian, the term â€Å"sfumato† is â€Å"blended†; the word was derived from â€Å"fumo,† which means â€Å"smoke† (Blake). The Mona Lisa is a painting of a seated woman clothed in Florentine dress, against the backdrop of mountains (Blake).   It is the woman's smile and gaze that have created much buzz around the painting.   The woman was said to be smiling because â€Å"the corners of her mouth was lifted† (Sebe qtd. in Campbell 51). As for her gaze, when the viewer looks unto her eyes, it seems like the woman in the painting is following the viewer's gaze (â€Å"History†).   However, if there was one thing that brought much controversy to the painting, it would be the woman's identity. The painting is also referred to as â€Å"La Gioconda† (Blake).   â€Å"Gioconda† in Italian means â€Å"light-hearted woman† (Blake).   The identity of the woman in the painting had been debated upon for centuries, and several speculations have arisen.   According to Maike Vogt-Là ¼erssen, Isabella of Aragon is the woman in the painting (Blake).   This is because her green dress has a pattern that implies membership in the â€Å"house of Visconti-Sforza† (Blake).  Ã‚   Vogt-Là ¼erssen also saw a likeness between the pictures of Isabella and the woman on the painting. On the other hand, Dr. Lilian Schwartz hints that the woman in the painting may not actually be a woman; rather, it may be Leonardo himself (Blake).   This conclusion was derived from a digital analysis of the painting and Leonardo's portrait, which was found to have been painted in a similar style. It was only until recently that the identity of the woman in the painting was revealed.   In January 2008, Heidelberg University academics have proven that the woman in the painting was Lisa Gherardini del Giocondo (Lorenzi 1).   The proof was found on the margins of a book, and derived from notes by Agostino Vespucci in October 1503 (Lorenzi 1). Vespucci was a friend of Leonardo; in his notes, he stated that Leonardo was working on several paintings, which included that of Lisa del Giocondo (Lorenzi 1).   Lisa was the wife of a silk merchant from Florence named Francesco del Giocondo (Lorenzi 1).   That is the reason why Mona Lisa is the name of the painting; it means Madam Lisa, since â€Å"mona† means â€Å"madam† or â€Å"my lady† in Italian (â€Å"History†). The mystery of the painting may have been revealed, but this surely does not diminish the public's interest in the Mona Lisa.   It has been one of the most significant artworks in history, and will continue to do so in centuries to come. WORKS CITED Blake, Diana. â€Å"The Mona Lisa.† Art History Site. 2008. BellaOnline. 1 April 2008 ;http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art18406.asp;. Campbell, Michael. â€Å"What's Behind The Smile?† Arts & Antiques October 2006: 51. â€Å"History & Pictures Of The Mona Lisa By Leonardo Da Vinci.† Art History Guide. 1 April 2008 . Lorenzi, Rossella. â€Å"Mona Lisa's Identity Confirmed by Document.† Discovery News. 2008. Discovery Communications. 1 April 2008 ;http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/01/16/mona-lisa-identity.html;. Rosenberg, Jennifer. â€Å"The Mona Lisa Was Stolen!† About.com. 2008. The New York Times Company. 1 April 2008 ;http://history1900s.about.com/od/famouscrimesscandals/a/monalisa.htm;. Wallis, Denis. Why in the World? Australia: Reader's Digest Pty Limited, 1994.       Mona Lisa I have chosen the Mona Lisa to analyze. The portrait of Mona Lisa is also known as La Giaconda, she was the wife of Francesco del Giaconda. This painting was done in oil paints on poplar wood by Leonardo ad Vinci from the year 1503 to 1506. The dimensions of this painting are 76. 2 x 53. 3 CM. The painting is now in the Muse du Louvre in Paris. The Mona Lisa is a painting of a woman, dressed in a dark green dress with her hands overlapping. The background of the painting is a mountainous landscape.The whole painting is a remarkable example of Leonardo suffuse technique of painting. Suffuse is the blurred outline and mellowed colors that allow one form to merge with another and always leave something to our imagination. This is a technique that only Leonardo perfected. Other famous painters such as Van Eyes, Antenna, and Poetical tried, but were unsuccessful in duplicating Leonardo technique. The Mona Lisa has been analyzed over and over by many intelligent people who have theories ab out the painting, and TTS mysterious appearance.It is the expression on the face of the Mona Lisa that seems to be attractive yet distant; these qualities have given the portrait universal fame. Leonardo deliberately used suffuse technique in the corners of the mouth and around the eyes leaving them indistinct by letting them merge into a soft shadow. What strikes us first about the Mona Lisa is the amazing degree to which she looks alive. She really seems to look at us and to have a mind of her own.Like a living Ewing, she seems to change before our eyes and to look a little different each time she is viewed. This is one of the reasons that the Mona Lisa is greatly admired, and is copied all over the world. If we look carefully at the Mona Lisa we will see that the two sides do not quite match. This is most obvious in the landscape in the background. The horizon on the left side seems to lie much lower that the one on the right. When we look at the left side of the woman she appear s to be taller than if we look at the right side.Her face seems to change depending which side we are focusing on, because even here the two sides do not match. Many years ago people looked at portraits with wonder, because they had thought that in preserving the likeness the artist could preserve the soul of the person. In my opinion the Mona Lisa was a turning point in the art of expression, because of suffuse technique of Leonardo do Vinci. Today the Mona Lisa is still one of the most beautiful, and mysterious works of art, as it is still being analyzed to this day. Mona Lisa By Stretches Mona lisa Leonardo dad Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. Born out of wedlock, the love child of a respected notary and a young peasant woman, he was raised by his father, Seer Piper, and his stepmothers. At the age of 14, dad Vinci began apprenticing with the artist Veronica. For six years, he learned a wide breadth of technical skills, including metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing and sculpting. By the age of 20, he had qualified as a master artist in the Guild of Saint Luke and established his won workshop.Many doesn't know, Florentine court records show that dad Vinci was charged with and acquitted of sodomy's at the age of 22, and for two years, his whereabouts went entirely undocumented. In 1482, Leonardo left Florence for Milan, where he became official artist to Ladylove Sports, duke of the city. Leonardo undertook many projects in that time period. Leonardo remained with Sports until the latter's fall from power in 1499, after which he returned to Florence. S ketches and written records indicate that Leonardo worked as a sculptor, but no examples minded.Only about a dozen of paintings can be definitely attributed to him, and several are left unfinished. There are hundreds of drawings and thousands of pages from his notebook that testify to the man being an extraordinary genius. He was many things, writer, mathematician, inventor, and artist. Leonardo dad Vinci was a leading artist and intellectual of the Italian Renaissance who's known for his enduring works â€Å"The Last Supper† and â€Å"Mona Lisa. † The Mona Lisa is perhaps Leonardo Dad Vine's most famous of paintings. It is an oil painting, painted on poplar DOD.The painting is most famous for the smile of the woman, which people have been trying to decipher for a long time. Many believe that the portrait is that of Dad Vinci himself, while many also place a lot mystic connections with this painting. The portrait depicts a woman's bust, with a distant landscape that is visible in the backdrop. Leonardo used a pyramid design to install the woman in a simple and calm manner within the painting. The woman is shown with her hands folded, with her breast, neck, and face painted the same color as her hands.The light is diffused so that the various curves and geometrical shapes on the painting are made visible through it. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the painting is the woman's smile. Many believe that it is innocent and inviting; while others believe it is that of smugness and is a smirk. Many scientific studies have been undertaken to determine the exact nature of the smile and the real reason remains a mystery. It is believed that every person sees the smile differently because of the changes in the lighting hat Leonardo presented.The woman is shown seated in an open area, and behind her is a vast landscape, which recedes to an icy mountain. Some winding paths and a faraway bridge is also perceptible in the background. The painting is an amazing one and one should definitely take a look at it in order to appreciate its full beauty. The painting is currently on display at the Muse du Louvre, in Paris. The Mona Lisa by Leonardo dad Vinci contains many elements and principles of art in its beautiful and â€Å"ideal† portrait.This piece of art was completed in 1519 and is the prototype of the Renaissance portrait. There are many forms of elements in this piece such as line, color, texture, shape, and value. There are also some principles of art; emphasis, digital movement, harmony and balance. Leonardo dad Vinci uses all of these elements and principles in The Mona Lisa which make it such an important contribution to the world of art. Leonardo dad Vinci has shown us many forms of elements in this famous piece such as line, color, texture, shape, and value.There is the element line used in this piece of art to show implied outlines. These are found on The Mona Alias's hands which creates a texture. Another element is color. Although the colors are dull, red, yellow, and blue are used throughout the piece to add color, and balance. It looks like Leonardo dad Vinci the colors to blend from red to yellow, and finally blue in the background. Texture is the degree of roughness and smoothness in an object and is shown in the Mona Lisa through her clothing. Bibliography: Living With Art 10th edition Mark Getting pig. 143 Mona Lisa I have chosen the Mona Lisa to analyze. The portrait of Mona Lisa is also known as La Giaconda, she was the wife of Francesco del Giaconda. This painting was done in oil paints on poplar wood by Leonardo ad Vinci from the year 1503 to 1506. The dimensions of this painting are 76. 2 x 53. 3 CM. The painting is now in the Muse du Louvre in Paris. The Mona Lisa is a painting of a woman, dressed in a dark green dress with her hands overlapping. The background of the painting is a mountainous landscape.The whole painting is a remarkable example of Leonardo suffuse technique of painting. Suffuse is the blurred outline and mellowed colors that allow one form to merge with another and always leave something to our imagination. This is a technique that only Leonardo perfected. Other famous painters such as Van Eyes, Antenna, and Poetical tried, but were unsuccessful in duplicating Leonardo technique. The Mona Lisa has been analyzed over and over by many intelligent people who have theories ab out the painting, and TTS mysterious appearance.It is the expression on the face of the Mona Lisa that seems to be attractive yet distant; these qualities have given the portrait universal fame. Leonardo deliberately used suffuse technique in the corners of the mouth and around the eyes leaving them indistinct by letting them merge into a soft shadow. What strikes us first about the Mona Lisa is the amazing degree to which she looks alive. She really seems to look at us and to have a mind of her own.Like a living Ewing, she seems to change before our eyes and to look a little different each time she is viewed. This is one of the reasons that the Mona Lisa is greatly admired, and is copied all over the world. If we look carefully at the Mona Lisa we will see that the two sides do not quite match. This is most obvious in the landscape in the background. The horizon on the left side seems to lie much lower that the one on the right. When we look at the left side of the woman she appear s to be taller than if we look at the right side.Her face seems to change depending which side we are focusing on, because even here the two sides do not match. Many years ago people looked at portraits with wonder, because they had thought that in preserving the likeness the artist could preserve the soul of the person. In my opinion the Mona Lisa was a turning point in the art of expression, because of suffuse technique of Leonardo do Vinci. Today the Mona Lisa is still one of the most beautiful, and mysterious works of art, as it is still being analyzed to this day. Mona Lisa By Stretches Mona lisa Leonardo dad Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. Born out of wedlock, the love child of a respected notary and a young peasant woman, he was raised by his father, Seer Piper, and his stepmothers. At the age of 14, dad Vinci began apprenticing with the artist Veronica. For six years, he learned a wide breadth of technical skills, including metalworking, leather arts, carpentry, drawing and sculpting. By the age of 20, he had qualified as a master artist in the Guild of Saint Luke and established his won workshop.Many doesn't know, Florentine court records show that dad Vinci was charged with and acquitted of sodomy's at the age of 22, and for two years, his whereabouts went entirely undocumented. In 1482, Leonardo left Florence for Milan, where he became official artist to Ladylove Sports, duke of the city. Leonardo undertook many projects in that time period. Leonardo remained with Sports until the latter's fall from power in 1499, after which he returned to Florence. S ketches and written records indicate that Leonardo worked as a sculptor, but no examples minded.Only about a dozen of paintings can be definitely attributed to him, and several are left unfinished. There are hundreds of drawings and thousands of pages from his notebook that testify to the man being an extraordinary genius. He was many things, writer, mathematician, inventor, and artist. Leonardo dad Vinci was a leading artist and intellectual of the Italian Renaissance who's known for his enduring works â€Å"The Last Supper† and â€Å"Mona Lisa. † The Mona Lisa is perhaps Leonardo Dad Vine's most famous of paintings. It is an oil painting, painted on poplar DOD.The painting is most famous for the smile of the woman, which people have been trying to decipher for a long time. Many believe that the portrait is that of Dad Vinci himself, while many also place a lot mystic connections with this painting. The portrait depicts a woman's bust, with a distant landscape that is visible in the backdrop. Leonardo used a pyramid design to install the woman in a simple and calm manner within the painting. The woman is shown with her hands folded, with her breast, neck, and face painted the same color as her hands.The light is diffused so that the various curves and geometrical shapes on the painting are made visible through it. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the painting is the woman's smile. Many believe that it is innocent and inviting; while others believe it is that of smugness and is a smirk. Many scientific studies have been undertaken to determine the exact nature of the smile and the real reason remains a mystery. It is believed that every person sees the smile differently because of the changes in the lighting hat Leonardo presented.The woman is shown seated in an open area, and behind her is a vast landscape, which recedes to an icy mountain. Some winding paths and a faraway bridge is also perceptible in the background. The painting is an amazing one and one should definitely take a look at it in order to appreciate its full beauty. The painting is currently on display at the Muse du Louvre, in Paris. The Mona Lisa by Leonardo dad Vinci contains many elements and principles of art in its beautiful and â€Å"ideal† portrait.This piece of art was completed in 1519 and is the prototype of the Renaissance portrait. There are many forms of elements in this piece such as line, color, texture, shape, and value. There are also some principles of art; emphasis, digital movement, harmony and balance. Leonardo dad Vinci uses all of these elements and principles in The Mona Lisa which make it such an important contribution to the world of art. Leonardo dad Vinci has shown us many forms of elements in this famous piece such as line, color, texture, shape, and value.There is the element line used in this piece of art to show implied outlines. These are found on The Mona Alias's hands which creates a texture. Another element is color. Although the colors are dull, red, yellow, and blue are used throughout the piece to add color, and balance. It looks like Leonardo dad Vinci the colors to blend from red to yellow, and finally blue in the background. Texture is the degree of roughness and smoothness in an object and is shown in the Mona Lisa through her clothing. Bibliography: Living With Art 10th edition Mark Getting pig. 143